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Chapter A Special Keyboard Characters

This appendix describes how to work with special characters on different keyboards.

Keyboard Charts

 Figures A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6, A-7, and A-8 show examples of the standard types of keyboards available with the network computers. Refer to Appendix B, Keyboards in the Reference Manual for information about the key codes (which are the numbers that appear below the keys in the following figures).

Figure A-1    101 with Pause North American Keyboard.

Figure A-2    101 with Setup North American Keyboard.

Figure A-3    102 with Pause United Kingdom Keyboard.

Figure A-4    102 with Setup United Kingdom Keyboard.

Figure A-5    VT200/LK401-Style North American Keyboard.

Figure A-6    UNIX Keyboard.

Figure A-7    3270 Keyboard.

NOTE: For information about the 3270 keyboard, refer to the 3270/3179G User Manual.

Figure A-8    Sun V Keyboard.

Entering North American Special Characters from International Keyboards

 Some data processing programs require entry of characters from the North American keyboard that are not available on all international keyboards. The characters needed but not always available are: {} [] \ @ # * $ |

To permit entry of the full North American character set from all keyboards, some international keyboards have one or more keys with dual legends on them. Legends on the left of LK401/VT200 keyboards are typewriter legends and legends on the right are data processing (DP) legends. (Legends on the right of 102-key keyboards are alternate graphic legends.)

You can enable DP legends for the LK401/VT200 keyboards from the Main Menu of Setup. The Main Menu displays a DP Mode item when you set Keyboard Type to VT200 and Language to one of the international languages. When you need these special symbols, enable the DP keys by clicking DP Mode to On. Click this item to Off when you need the usual national characters of the keyboard. If you want to run TekXpress compose, load the compose sequences. For details, refer to the Compose and Diacritical Sequences section later in the manual.

If TekXpress compose is enabled, you can also access DP legends from the keyboard (rather than through Setup) by using Compose sequences. To enter a DP legend, press the Compose key and then the desired key. So that you can enter all ASCII characters, several keyboards have compose sequences for DP keys that do not have DP legends on the keycaps. These compose sequences appear in the tables that follow. For more information about Compose sequences, refer to Compose and Diacritical Sequences later in this appendix.

When DP mode is off, the two-key sequences for accessing DP characters (Tables A-1 - A-9) supercede the three-key compose sequences involving the Compose-DP keys.

Tables A-1 through A-9 summarize the DP characters that are sent for each LK401/VT200-style international keyboard. These tables show both the Typewriter Mode and Data Processing Keys mode. As noted, some compose sequences do not have DP legends. Keyboards not appearing in these tables do not offer DP keys.

Table A-1 VT200/LK401 Danish Keyboard.
Mode

VT200

Key
State

 DP Keys

 Compose-DP Keys

§ @
3

 Å [
]

 Ø \
#

*
'

 (
8

 )
9

Typewriter

Normal

 3

 å

 ø

|

 {

 }

Shft

 §

 Å

 Ø

Data Processing Keys

 Normal

 3

 ]

 #

Shft

 @

 [

 \

LK401

 Key
State

 § @
~            

 £  #
3

 Æ [
       {

 Å ]
}

 Ø \

       |

 *
'

 (
8

 )
9

Typewriter

 Normal

 ~

 3

 æ

 å

 ø

 |

 {

 }

Shft

 §

 £

 Æ

 Å

 Ø

Data Processing Keys

Normal

 ~

 3

 {

 }

 |

Shft

 @

 #

 [

 ]

 \


Table A-2 VT200/LK401 French Keyboard.
Mode

VT200

 Key

State

 DP Keys

 Compose-DP Keys

6
§ [

 7
è ]

 %
ù      \

@
#

 9
ç

 0
à

Typewriter

 Normal

 §

 è

 ù

|

 {

 }

Shft

 6

 7

 %

Data Processing Keys

 Normal

 [

 ]

 \

Shft

 6

 7

 %

LK401

 Key
State

 6
§ [

 7
è ]

 %
ù      \

 2      
 è  |

 9
   ç {

 0        
à  }

 @
#

 9
ç

 0
à

Typewriter

 Normal

 §

 è

 ù

 2

 9

 0

 |

 {

 à

Shft

 6

 7

 %

Data Processing

Keys

 Normal

 [

 ]

 \

 è

ç

à

Shft

 6

 7

 %

 |

 {

 }


Table A-3 VT200 German Keyboard.
Mode

VT200

Key

State

 DP Keys

 Compose-DP Keys

Ü \
     @

Ä [
       ]

 '
#

 (
8

 )
9

Typewriter

 Normal

 ü

 ä

 |

 {

 }

Shft

 Ü

 Ä

Data Processing Keys

 Normal

 @

 ]

Shft

 \

 [


Table A-4  LK401 German Keyboard.  

Key Cap

 Typewriter

 Data Processing

Keys

 Compose-DP Keys

Normal

 Shft

 Normal

 Shft

,                  #

|

(                  8

{

)                  9

}

º\9        
^          ¬

 ^

 º\9

¬

 º\9

!                  ¡
1                  1

 1

 !

 1

 ¡

"                  
2                        2

 2

 "

 2

 "

§                    £
3                        3

 3

 §

 3

 £

$            ¤
4                    1/4

     

 1/4

 ¤

%                 5                    1/2

%

 1/2

 %

&          
6                  3/4

 6

 &

 3/4

 &

/
7                  {

 7

 /

 {

 /

(        
8                  [

 8

 (

 [

 (

)±\91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \9 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91

9                ]

 9

 )

 ]

 ±\91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \9 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91 \91

=                º\91 \91 \9 \91 \91 \9

\91 \91 \91 \9 \91 O                   }

 O

 =

 }

 º\9

 ?                ¿
                \

?

 \

 ¿

\Q
´                   ¸

 ´

 \Q

¸

 \Q

Q        
                   @

 q

 Q

 @

 Q

R\91 \91 \91 ®
                     ¶

 r

 \91 \91 \91 R

 ®

Z                ¥

 z

 Z

 z

 ¦¥

O                Ø

 o

 O

 Ø

 o

P                

p

 P

 p

Ü    º
                       

 ü

 Ü

¨

 º

*                  -
+                    

 +

 *

 ~

 -

A              Æ

 a

 A

 æ

 Æ

S                  §
       

s

 S  

 §

D                D

 d

 D

D

F                  ª

 f

 F

 f

 ª

;                  X

,        

 ,

 ;

 ,

 X

K                &

 k

 K

 k

 &

Ö
¢

ö

Ö

 ¢

 Ö

Ä
                     ^

 ä

Ä

 ^

 Ä

´¦        
#                  \Q

 #

 ´

 \Q

 ´

>                
<                  \91 \91 \91 \91 \91

<

 >

 \91 \91

Y              <
y                    <<

 y

 Y

 <<

 <

X          >
x                 >>

 x

 X

 >>

 >

C©
                   ¢

 c

 C

 ¢

 ©

M              º
µ

 m

 M

 µ

 º

: ÷\91 \9

.·

:

 ·

 ÷


Table A-5 VT200/LK401 Italian Keyboard.
Mode

VT200

Key
State

 DP Keys

 Compose-DP Keys

1
£ @

 2
é #

 9
ç [

 0
à ]

 § \
*

%
ù

 =
\Q

 §
$

Typewriter

 Normal

 £

 é

 ç

 à

 *

|

 {

 }

Shft

 1

 2

 9

 0

 §

Data

Processing
Keys

 Normal

 @

 #

 [

 ]

 *

Shft

 1

 2

 9

 0

 \

LK401

 Key
State

 1
£ @

 2
é #

 9
ç [

 0
à ]

 § \
*

 %      
 ù    {

 =      
 ;    }

 !          
   ò |

 %
ù

 =
\Q

 §
$

Typewriter

 Normal

 £

 é

 ç

 à

 *

 ù

;

 ò

|

 {

 }

Shft

 1

 2

 9

 0

 §

 %

 =

 !

Data

Processing
Keys

 Normal

 @

 #

 [

 ]

 *

 {

 }

 |

Shft

 1

 2

 9

 0

 \

 %

 =

 !


Table A-6 VT200/LK401 Norwegian Keyboard.
Mode

VT200

 Key
State

 DP Keys

 Compose-DP Keys

§ @
3

 Å [
]

 Æ \
#

 *
'

 (
8

 )
9

Typewriter

Normal

 3

 å

 æ

 |

 {

 }

Shft

 §

 Å

 Æ

Data Processing Keys

 Normal

 3

 ]

 #

Shft

 @

 [

 \

LK401

 Key
State

 Å ]        }

 Æ  [      {

 Ø \
     |

 *
'

 (
8

 )
9

Typewriter

Normal

 å

æ

 Ø

 |

 {

 }

Shft

 Å

Æ

 Ø

Data Processing Keys

 Normal

 }

 {

 |

Shft

 ]

 [

 \


Table A-7 VT200/LK401 Spanish Keyboard.
Mode

VT200

Key
State

 DP Keys

      Compose-DP                    Keys

¡ \
¿ @

 ª [
º ]

~
ç

 (
8

 )
9

Typewriter

Normal

 ¿

 º

|

 {

 }

Shft

 ¡

 ª

Data  Processing                Keys

 Normal

 @

 ]

Shft

 \

 [

LK401

 Key
State

 ¡ \
¿ @

 ª [
º ]

 Ñ    }
        {

 ~
ç     |

 ~
ç

 (
8

 )
9

Typewriter

 Normal

 ¿

 º

 ñ

ç

 |

 {

 }

Shft

 ¡

 ª

Ñ    

 ~

Data  Processing                Keys

 Normal

 @

 ]

 {

 |

Shft

 \

 [

}

 ç


Table A-8 VT200/LK401 Swedish/Finnish Keyboard.
Mode

       VT200

Key
State

 DP Keys

 Compose-DP Keys

§ @
3

 ¤ $
4

 Å [
           ]

 Ü \
           #

 Ä

 (
8

 )
9

Typewriter

 Normal

  3

  4

  å

  ü

{

 }

Shft

  §

  ¤

  Å

  Ü

 |

       Data
Processing        Keys

 Normal

  3

  4

  ]

  #

Shft

  @

  $

  [

  \

LK401

 Key
State

 § @
3

            $
4

 Å [
         ]

 Ü \
       #

 Ö    {
       }

 Ä        |

  Ä

 (
8

 )
9

Typewriter

 Normal

  3

  4

  å

  ü

    Ö

  ä  

{

 }

Shft

  §

  $

  Å

  Ü

    Ö

 Ä

  |

       Data

Processing        Keys

 Normal

  3

  4

  ]

  #

   }

  ä  

Shft

  @

 $

  [

  \

      {

    |


Table A-9 VT200/LK401 Swiss/German Keyboard.
             Mode

        VT200

Key

State

 DP Keys

 Compose-DP Keys

ç @

4

 è \

ü

 é [

ö

 à ]

ä

 £ #

$

£ #

$

 (

8

 )

9

Typewriter

 Normal

 4

 ü

 ö

 ä

 $

 |

 {

 }

Shift

 ç

 è

 é

 à

 £

Data Processing              Keys

 Normal

 4

 ü

 ö

 ä

 $

Shift

 @

 \

 [

 ]

LK401

 Key
State

 ç @

4

 è \

ü      |

 é [

ö    {

 à  ]
ä  }

 £ #

$

£ #

$

 (

8

 )

9

Typewriter

 Normal

 4

 ü

 ö

 ä

 $

 |

 {

 }

Shift

 ç

 è

 é

 à

 £

Data Processing              Keys

 Normal

 4

 |

 {

 }

 $

Shift

 @

 \

 [

 ]

 #


Table A-10 VT200/LK401 United Kingdom Keyboard.
Mode

Key

State

 DP Key

                       £ #
                     3

Typewriter

 Normal

 3

Shft

 £

Data Processing Keys

 Normal

 3

Shft

 #

Compose and Diacritical Sequences

On LK401/VT200-style keyboards you can use compose characters to type special characters and symbols that are not available as single keystrokes. These might be common characters, such as the cent sign (¢), or letter forms particular to a certain language, for example, a lowercase "e" with an acute accent.

Network computers directly support compose characters for all X11 clients with LK401/VT200 keyboards, other than North American. DEC VMS and ULTRIX X applications provide their own compose characters. Refer to your DECWindows documentation for information about DEC compose characters.

To use DEC compose characters:

  1. Select Setup from the Client Launcher. Select either VT200/LK401 ULTRIX (ESC) or VT200/LK401 VMS (F11) as the Keyboard Type.
  2. Set the Compose Sequences option to No.
  3. Use a DEC VMS or ULTRIX X application.
  4. Begin a compose sequence by pressing the Compose key.
To use TekXpress compose characters:

  1. Select Setup from the Client Launcher.
  2. Select VT200/LK401 X (ESC-BS-LF) or VT200/LK401 X (F11-F13) as the Keyboard Type.
  3. Set the Compose Sequences option to Yes.
  4. Select a Keyboard Nationality. (To use North American, use xmodmap to clear the modifier by entering the following: xmodmap -e "clear mod1")
You can compose TekXpress compose characters in two ways:

Using the Diacritical Keys

 There are from one to five diacritical keys on all international VT200-style keyboards (except North American). These keys do not send characters when you press them; rather, they combine with the next character you type to form a special symbol.

For example, on keyboards for which tilde (~) is a diacritical mark, you compose the ñ Spanish character by pressing the "~" key and then pressing the "n" key.

To cancel a diacritical key sequence:

If you type an invalid sequence: the entry is ignored, the bell on the network computer rings, and the diacritical sequence terminates.

The Compose light turns OFF when you complete the compose sequence.

The acute accent (´) character is a special case: on the keyboard, it shares its visual representation with the apostrophe ('). Depending on the keyboard nationality, the keyboard character on the network computer represents an acute accent (a diacritical mark) or an apostrophe (a character).

Table A-11 shows the diacritical keys available on various keyboards.

Table A-11 Diacritical Keys.
Keyboard

 Diacritical Keys

Danish/Norwegiana

\Q

 ´

¨

French

 ~

 \Q

¨

Germana

 ~

\Q

 ´

Italian

 ~

 \Q

North American

 none

Spanishb

 ~

 \Q

 ´

¨

Swedish

 ~

 \Q

Swiss-German

 ~

 \Q

¨

United Kingdom

\Q

a Two single-quote symbols appear on the keyboard. The one on the top row of
keys is a diacritical mark and can be thought of as an acute accent (´). The other
one is not a diacritical mark and can be thought of as an apostrophe (').

b Two single-quote symbols appear on the keyboard. The one on the top row of keys is not a diacritical mark and can be thought of as an apostrophe ('). The other one, next to the ñ key, is the diacritical mark.

Variations from DEC Compose Sequences

The following differences exist between the Tektronix network computer and the DEC VT200 compose sequences:

Using the Compose Key

 The Compose key starts a three-key compose sequence for all LK401/VT200-style international keyboards (except North American). For example, to compose a cent sign, press the Compose key followed by the "c" and "|" keys. When you press the Compose key, the Compose light turns ON to indicate that you are composing a special character.

To cancel a compose sequence:

If you type an invalid sequence: the entry is ignored, the bell on the network computer rings, and the compose sequence terminates.

The Compose light turns OFF when you complete the compose sequence.

Compose Sequences

Table A-12 lists all the compose characters and the two- or three-key sequences used to form the characters. You can enter the last two keys of three-key sequences in any order. The notes in the table refer to:

a To compose a character with a three-key sequence, press Compose Character followed by the two keys shown in this column.

b Two-key compose sequences are only available on national keyboards that support the requisite diacritical marks.

c You can use either two apostrophes (' ' - available on all keyboards) or two acute accents (´ ´ - available only on the German, Danish/Norwegian, and Spanish keyboards) to compose an acute accent.

Table A-12 Compose Sequences for VT200-Style Keyboards.  
Symbol

 Description

 Compose Sequence

Three-Keya

 Two-Keyb
[

 Left bracket

 ( (

\

 Backslash

 / /

/ <

]

 Right bracket

 ) )

{

 Left brace

 ( -

|

 Vertical bar

 ^ /

 ^ /

}

 Right brace

 ) -

#

 Pound sign

+ +

Circumflex

 ^ SP

 ^ SP

^ ^

 ^ ^

~

 Tilde

 ~ SP

 ~ SP

~ ~

 ~ ~

@

 Commercial At sign

 A A

a a

$

 Dollar sign

 S /

s /

S |

s |

á

 Apostrophe

 ' SP

´ SP

 ´ SP
á

 Small a with acute accent

 ´ a

 ´ a
Á

 Capital A with acute accent

 ´ A

 ´ A

à

 Small a with grave accent

 \Q a

 \Q a

À

 Capital A with grave accent

 \Q A

 \Q A

â

 Small a with circumflex

 ^ a

 ^ a

Â

 Capital A with circumflex

 ^ A

 ^ A

ä

 Small a with umlaut

 a "

¨ a

 ¨ a

Ä

 Capital A with umlaut

 A "

¨ A

 ¨ A

ã

 Small a with tilde

 ~ a

 ~ a

Ã

 Capital A with tilde

 ~ A

 ~ A

å

 Small a with ring

 a *

\xb0 º a

Å

 Capital A with ring

 A *

\xb0 º A

æ

 Small ae ligature

 a e

Æ

 Capital AE ligature

 A E

ç

 Small c with cedilla

 c ,

Ç

 Capital C with cedilla

 C ,

D

 Capital Icelandic Eth

 D -

Small Icelandic eth

 d -

é

 Small e with acute accent

 ´ e

 ´ e

É

 Capital E with acute accent

 ´ E

 ´ E

è

 Small e with grave accent

 \Q e

 \Q e

È

 Capital E with grave accent

 \Q E

 \Q E

ê

 Small e with circumflex

 ^ e

 ^ e

Ê

 Capital E with circumflex

 ^ E

 ^ E

í

 Small i with acute accent

 ´ i

 ´ i

Í

 Capital I with acute accent

 ´ I

 ´ I

ì

 Small i with grave accent

 \Q i

 \Q i

Ì

 Capital I with grave accent

 \Q I

 \Q I

î

 Small i with circumflex

 ^ i

 ^ i

Î

 Capital I with circumflex

 ^ I

 ^ I

ï

 Small i with diaeresis

 i "

¨ i

 ¨ i

Ï

 Capital I with diaeresis

 I "

¨ I

 ¨ I

ñ

 Small n with tilde

 ~ n

 ~ n

Ñ

 Capital N with tilde

 ~ N

 ~ N

ó

 Small o with acute accent

 ´ o

 ´ o

Ó

 Capital O with acute accent

 ´ O

 ´ O

ò

 Small o with grave accent

 \Q o

 \Q o

Ò

 Capital O with grave accent

 \Q O

 \Q O

ô

 Small o with circumflex

 ^ o

 ^ o

Ô

 Capital O with circumflex

 ^ O

 ^ O

ö

 Small o with umlaut

 o "

¨ o

 ¨ o

Ö

 Capital O with umlaut

 O "

¨ O

 ¨ O

õ

 Small o with tilde

 ~ o

 ~ o

Õ

 Capital O with tilde

 ~ O

 ~ O

ø

 Small o with slash

 o /

Ø

 Capital O with slash

 O /

ß

 Small German sharp s

 s s

p

 Small Icelandic thorn

 p p

P

 Capital Icelandic Thorn

 P P

ú

 Small u with acute accent

 ´ u

 ´ u

Ú

 Capital U with acute accent

 ´ U

 ´ U

ù

 Small u with grave accent

 \Q u

 \Q u

Ù

 Capital U with grave accent

 \Q U

 \Q U

û

 Small u with circumflex

 ^ u

 ^ u

Û

 Capital U with circumflex

 ^ U

 ^ U

ü

 Small u with umlaut

 u "

¨ u

 ¨ u

Ü

 Capital U with umlaut

 U "

¨ U

 ¨ U

´y

 Small y with acute accent

 ´ y

 ´ y

´Y

 Capital Y with acute accent

 ´ Y

 ´ Y

ÿ

 Small y with diaeresis

 y "

¨ y

 ¨ y

 No-break space

 SP SP

1/4

 Fraction one-fourth

 1 4

1/2

 Fraction one-half

 1 2

3/4

 Fraction three-fourths

 3 4

1

 Superscript 1

 ^ 1

 ^ 1

2

 Superscript 2

 ^ 2

 ^ 2

3

 Superscript 3

 ^ 3

 ^ 3

±

 Plus-or-minus sign

 + -

÷

 Division sign

 - :

¥

 Multiplication sign

 X X

x x

¤

 Currency sign

 X 0

X O

x 0

x o

£

 Pounds currency sign

 L -

L =

l -

l =

¢

 Cent sign

 C /

C |

c /

c |

¥

 Yen sign

 Y -

Y =

y -

y =

´

 Acute accentc

 ' '

´ ´

´ ´

\Q

 Grave accent

 \Q SP

 \Q SP

\Q \Q

 \Q \Q

¨

 Diaeresis or umlaut

 " SP

" "

¨ SP

 ¨ SP

¨ ¨

¨ ¨

-

 Macron or overbar

 _ _

¸

 Cedilla

 , ,

-

 Soft hyphen

 - -

µ

 Small mu or micro sign

 / U

/ u

º

 Degree sign

 ^ 0

 ^ 0

SP *

SP º

º

 Masculine ordinal indicator

 O _

o _

ª

 Feminine ordinal indicator

 A _

a _

§

 Section sign

 S 0

s 0

S O

s o

Paragraph or pilcrow

 P !

p !

·

 Centered dot

 ^ .

 ^ .

©

 Copyright sign

 C 0

c 0

C O

c o

®

 Registered sign

 R 0

r 0

R O

r 0

¡

 Inverted exclamation mark

 ! !

¿

 Inverted question mark

 ? ?

«

 Angle quotation mark left

 < <

»

 Angle quotation mark right

 > >

|

 Broken vertical bar

 ! =

¬

 Not sign

 - !


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